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A value-returning function must return a value from all code paths; otherwise, it will result in undefined behavior. This includes returning through less-common code paths, such as from a function-try-block, as explained in the C++ Standard, [except.handle], paragraph 15:
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Failing to return a value from a code path in a value-returning function results in undefined behavior that might be exploited to cause data integrity violations.
Rule | Severity | Likelihood | Detectable | RepairableRemediation Cost | Priority | Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSC52-CPP | Medium | Probable | Yes | NoMedium | P8 | L2 |
Automated Detection
Tool | Version | Checker | Description | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Astrée |
| return-implicit | Fully checked | ||||||||||||||||||
| Axivion Bauhaus Suite |
| c:
| c:
| CertC++-MSC52 | |||||||||||||||||
| Clang |
| -Wreturn-type | Does not catch all instances of this rule, such as function-try-blocks | ||||||||||||||||||
| CodeSonar |
| LANG.STRUCT.MRS | Missing return statement Non-void noreturn, | ||||||||||||||||||
| Helix QAC |
| DF2888 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Klocwork |
| FUNCRET.GEN FUNCRET.IMPLICIT | |||||||||||||||||||
| LDRA tool suite |
| 2 D, 36 S | Fully implemented | ||||||||||||||||||
| Parasoft C/C++test |
| JSF-114 | SonarQube C/C++ Plugin | ||||||||||||||||||
| Include Page | SonarQube C/C++ Plugin_V | SonarQube C/C++ Plugin_V | S935 | PRQA QA-C++ | 4.1 | 1510 | CERT_CPP-MSC52-a | All exit paths from a function, except main(), with non-void return type shall have an explicit return statement with an expression | |||||||||||||
| Polyspace Bug Finder |
| CERT C++: MSC52-CPP | Checks for missing return statements (rule partially covered) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PVS-Studio |
| V591 | |||||||||||||||||||
| RuleChecker |
| return-implicit | Fully checked | ||||||||||||||||||
| Security Reviewer - Static Reviewer |
| RTOS_09 RTOS_10 RTOS_11 RTOS_12 | Fully implemented | ||||||||||||||||||
| SonarQube C/C++ Plugin |
| S935 |
Related Vulnerabilities
Search for vulnerabilities resulting from the violation of this rule on the CERT website.
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