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To default-initialize an object of type T means:
— if T is a (possibly cv-qualified) class type, the default constructor for T is called (and the initialization is ill-formed if T has no default constructor or overload resolution results in an ambiguity or in a function that is deleted or inaccessible from the context of the initialization);
— if T is an array type, each element is default-initialized;
— otherwise, no initialization is performed.
If a program calls for the default initialization of an object of a const-qualified type T, T shall be a class type with a user-provided default constructor.

As a result, objects of type T with automatic or dynamic storage duration must be explicitly initialized before having their value read as part of an expression unless T is a class type or an array thereof or is an unsigned narrow character type. If T is an unsigned narrow character type, it may be used to initialize an object of unsigned narrow character type, which results in both objects having an indeterminate value. This technique can be used to implement copy operations such as std::memcpy() without triggering undefined behavior.

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Tool

Version

Checker

Description

Astrée

Include Page
Astrée_V
Astrée_V

uninitialized-read
Partially checked
Clang
Include Page
Clang_V
Clang_V
-Wuninitialized
clang-analyzer-core.UndefinedBinaryOperatorResult
Does not catch all instances of this rule, such as uninitialized values read from heap-allocated memory.
CodeSonar
Include Page
CodeSonar_V
CodeSonar_V

LANG.STRUCT.RPL
LANG.MEM.UVAR

Return pointer to local
Uninitialized variable
Helix QAC

Include Page
Helix QAC_V
Helix QAC_V

DF726, DF2727, DF2728, DF2961, DF2962, DF2963, DF2966, DF2967, DF2968, DF2971, DF2972, DF2973, DF2976, DF2977, DF978


Klocwork
Include Page
Klocwork_V
Klocwork_V
UNINIT.CTOR.MIGHT
UNINIT.CTOR.MUST
UNINIT.HEAP.MIGHT
UNINIT.HEAP.MUST
UNINIT.STACK.ARRAY.MIGHT
UNINIT.STACK.ARRAY.MUST
UNINIT.STACK.ARRAY.PARTIAL.MUST
UNINIT.STACK.MIGHT
UNINIT.STACK.MUST

LDRA tool suite
Include Page
LDRA_V
LDRA_V

53 D, 69 D, 631 S, 652 S

Partially implemented

Parasoft C/C++test
Include Page
Parasoft_V
Parasoft_V
CERT_CPP-EXP53-a
Avoid use before initialization
Parasoft Insure++

Runtime detection
Polyspace Bug Finder

Include Page
Polyspace Bug Finder_V
Polyspace Bug Finder_V

CERT C++: EXP53-CPP

Checks for:

  • Non-initialized variable
  • Non-initialized pointer

Rule partially covered.

PRQA QA-C++
Include Page
PRQA QA-C++_VPRQA QA-C++_V 2726, 2727, 2728, 2961, 2962, 2963, 2966, 2967, 2968, 2971, 2972, 2973, 2976, 2977, 2978PVS-Studio

Include Page
PVS-Studio_V
PVS-Studio_V

V546, V573, V614V670, V679, V730, V788, V1007V1050

RuleChecker
Include Page
RuleChecker_V
RuleChecker_V
uninitialized-read
Partially checked

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