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Deadlock requires all four conditions, so , to prevent deadlock, prevent any one of the four conditions. This guideline recommends locking the mutexes in a predefined order to prevent circular wait. This rule is a specific instance of CON35-C. Avoid deadlock by locking in predefined order using POSIX threads.
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The solution to the deadlock problem is to use a predefined order for the locks in the deposit() function. In the following compliant solution, each thread will lock based on an the id basis of the bank_account ID, defined defined in the struct initialization. This solution prevents the circular wait problem.
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Deadlock prevents multiple threads from progressing, thus halting the executing program. This is a potential A denial-of-service attack is possible because the attacker can force deadlock situations. Deadlock is likely to occur in multithreaded programs that manage multiple shared resources.
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The CERT Oracle Secure Coding Standard for Java: LCK07-J. Avoid deadlock by requesting and releasing locks in the same order
MITRE CWE: CWE-764] Multiple Locks locks of Critical Resourcescritical resources
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Sources
[Barney 2010] pthread_mutex tutorial
[Bryant 2003] Chapter 13, "Concurrent Programming"
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