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#include <stdlib.h>
/* ... */

if (/* something really bad happened */) {
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
}

Calling exit()

• Flushes unwritten buffered data.
• Closes all open files.
• Removes temporary files.
• Returns an integer exit status to the operating system.

...

#include <stdlib.h>
/* ... */

if (/* something really bad happened */) {
  _Exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
}

The _exit() function is a synonym for _Exit()

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#include <stdlib.h>
/* ... */

if (/* something really bad happened */) {
  abort(); 
}

The abort() function causes abnormal program termination to occur, unless the signal SIGABRT is being caught and the signal handler does not return.

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For example, calling:

  atexit(turn_gizmo_off); 

"registers" the turn_gizmo_off() function so that a subsequent call to exit() will invoke turn_gizmo_off(); as it terminates the program. The C standard says that atexit() should let you register up to 32 functions.

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ERR03-A. Use runtime-constraint handlers when calling functions defined by TR24731-1      1312. Error Handling (ERR)       ERR05-A. Application-independent code must provide error detection without dictating error handling