Wiki Markup Runtime}} that allows the application to interface with the environment in which the application is running. The current runtime can be obtained from the {{getRuntime()}} method. The {{exec()}} method executes the specified string command by invoking an implementation-defined command processor, such as a UNIX shell or {{CMD.EXE}} in Windows NT and later \[[ISO/IEC 9899:1999|AA. Bibliography#ISO/IEC 9899-1999]\].
External programs are commonly invoked to perform a function required by the overall system. This is a form of reuse and might even be considered a crude form of component-based software engineering.
Command interpreters, such as the POSIX command-language interpreter sh and the Windows CMD.EXE, however, provide functionality in addition to executing a simple command.
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