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If either of the C Standard fgets() or fgetws() function fails functions fail, the contents of the array being written is indeterminate. (see See undefined behavior 170175.)  It is necessary to reset the string to a known value to avoid errors on subsequent string manipulation functions.

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In this noncompliant code example, an error flag is set upon if fgets() failure fails. However, buf is not reset and has indeterminate contents:

#include <stdio.h>
 
#defineenum { BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 };
void func(FILE *file) {
  char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];

  if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file) == NULL) {
    /* Set error flag and continue */
  }
}

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Compliant Solution

In this compliant solution, buf is set to an empty string if fgets() fails. The equivalent solution for fgetws() would set buf to an empty wide string:.

#include <stdio.h>
 
#defineenum { BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 };

void func(FILE *file) {
  char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];

  if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file) == NULL) {
    /* Set error flag and continue */
    *buf = '\0';
  }
}

Exceptions

FIO40-C-EX1: If the string goes out of scope immediately following the call to fgets() or fgetws() or is not referenced in the case of a failure, it need not be reset.

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Making invalid assumptions about the contents of an array modified by fgets() or fgetws() can result in undefined behavior and 175 and abnormal program termination.

Automated Detection

Related Vulnerabilities

Search for vulnerabilities resulting from the violation of this rule on the CERT website.

Related Guidelines

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