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Input and output are mapped into logical data streams, whose properties are more uniform than their various inputs and outputs. Two forms of mapping are supported, one for text streams and one for binary streams \[[ISO/IEC 9899-1999|AA. C References#ISO/IEC 9899-1999]\]. They differ in the actual representation of data as well as in the functionality of some C99 functions. |
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Characters may have to be altered to conform to differing conventions for representing text in the host environment. As a consequence, data read/written to or from a text stream will not necessarily compare equal to the stream's byte content.
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The ungetc() function causes the file position indicator to be "unspecified" until all pushed back characters are read therefore. Therefore, care must be taken that file-position-related functions are not used while this is true.
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A binary stream is an ordered sequence of characters that can transparently record internal data. As a consequence, data read/written to or from a binary stream will necessarily compare equal to the stream's byte content.
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