
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="34399fcd-f0ca-4d51-ab9f-044db8d71217"><ac:parameter ac:name="">API 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[API 06] Java Platform, Standard Edition 6 API Specification (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="ed0cae71-e083-462f-a84f-0c1e72a68cc9"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Austin 00</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Austin 00] Advanced Programming for the Java 2 Platform, by Calvin Austin and Monica Pawlan, Addison Wesley Longman. (2000)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="a0b53d75-0312-4cbc-887c-c78189e619eb"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Bloch 01</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Bloch 01] Effective Java, Programming Language Guide, by Joshua Bloch. Addison Wesley. (2001)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="cfc0726d-68fc-4fb8-8308-57c381601264"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Bloch 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Bloch 05] Java⢠Puzzlers: Traps, Pitfalls, and Corner Cases, by Joshua Bloch and Neal Gafter. Pearson Education, Inc. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="0c52a5c4-b044-4109-9478-d9e53d9ed34f"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Bloch 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Bloch 08] Effective Java, 2nd edition, by Joshua Bloch, Addison Wesley. (2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="20ccb030-75e9-4c88-99af-c33e2a66ec0b"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Campione 96</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Campione 96] The Java Tutorial, by Mary Campione and Kathy Walrath (1996)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="3e6bea79-3f95-415a-840f-924a41b803bc"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Chan 99</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Chan 99] The Java Class Libraries: Supplement for the Java 2 Platform, v1.2, second edition, Volume 1, by Patrick Chan, Rosanna Lee, Douglas Kramer. Prentice Hall. (1999)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="256da807-3837-4b23-a12d-c195bff35271"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Christudas 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Christudas 05] Internals of Java Class Loading, ONJava (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="6bdf481a-ec13-4601-a67b-54de15d3ede6"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Core Java 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Core Java 04] Core Java⢠2 Volume I - Fundamentals, Seventh Edition by Cay S. Horstmann, Gary Cornell. Prentice Hall PTR. (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="10ccdedf-7bd9-402d-9add-06a4a9e510ee"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Daconta 00</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Daconta 00] When Runtime.exec() won't, by Michael C. Daconta, JavaWorld.com. (2000)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="b55eed6f-b1a8-4a19-b1f2-a3a61abf147a"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Daconta 03</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Daconta 03] More Java Pitfalls, by Michael C. Daconta, Kevin T. Smith, Donald Avondolio and W. Clay Richardson. Wiley Publishing Inc. (2003)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="d8e84bdf-9a82-4d91-b3c3-1a6805f0f177"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Darwin 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Darwin 04] Java Cookbook, by Ian F. Darwin (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="b6159cca-9c38-4601-9f51-b3e507602652"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Doshi 03</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Doshi 03] Best Practices for Exception Handling by Gunjan Doshi. (2003)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="3eda3b3a-1034-461b-9543-d8515fc9499f"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Enterprise 03</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Enterprise 03] Java Enterprise Best Practices, by the O'Reilly Java Authors. O'Reilly. (2003)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="bd02dac0-4e3e-491b-9b82-82920d6cf8f0"><ac:parameter ac:name="">FindBugs 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[FindBugs 08] FindBugs Bug Descriptions (2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="a69bf85c-bb0f-4ab2-964a-509e7e5e5465"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Fisher 03</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Fisher 03] JDBC API Tutorial and Reference, 3rd edition, by Maydene Fisher, Jon Ellis, and Jonathan Bruce, Prentice Hall, The Java Series. (2003)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="5a5e3e86-e125-4121-8a54-93f69a17eb19"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Flanagan 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Flanagan 05] Java in a Nutshell, 5th edition, by David Flanagan, O'Reilly Media, Inc. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="a894626a-17bb-4f35-9ce7-8ff6b17ad26e"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Fox 01</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Fox 01] When is a Singleton not a Singleton?, by Joshua Fox, Sun Developer Network (SDN) (2001)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="c3a9a096-d5c1-4586-b86a-8a02465627ac"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Garms 01</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Garms 01] Professional Java Security, by Jess Garms and Daniel Somerfield. Wrox Press Ltd. (2001)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="1a9d6d42-812c-4d3b-b68e-ae571c972c42"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Goetz 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Goetz 06] Java Concurrency in Practice, by Brian Goetz, Tim Peierls, Joshua Bloch, Joseph Bowbeer, David Holmes, Doug Lea. Addison Wesley Professional. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="6fabbe7e-0506-40bb-a5c0-42984f42f4eb"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Goldberg 91</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Goldberg 91] Goldberg, David. What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic. Sun Microsystems, March 1991.
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="4bd776e3-a326-4230-b8e4-59afab8ada45"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Gong 03</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Gong 03] Inside Java 2 Platform Security: Architecture, API Design, and Implementation, 2nd edition, by Li Gong, Gary Ellison, and Mary Dageforde. Prentice Hall, The Java Series. (2003)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="5467f27f-7210-48d5-b26f-1c253b89466d"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Greanier 00</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Greanier 00] Discover the secrets of the Java Serialization API, by Todd Greanier, Sun Developer Network (SDN). (2000)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="cd445987-496b-485e-b540-4bf4305020c8"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Green 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Green 08] Canadian Mind Products Java & Internet Glossary by Roedy Green. (2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="b65b0c7d-7001-4cc7-9386-8dd30bc32b7b"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Gupta 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Gupta 05] Java memory leaks - Catch me if you can, by Satish Chandra Gupta and Rajeev Palanki. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="03da57ae-ca60-4897-9c90-b1af9fdef7ea"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Halloway 00</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Halloway 00] Java Developer Connection Tech Tips, March 28, 2000, by Stuart Halloway.
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="1eaa10dc-9344-4309-a110-577ebc4b307b"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Harold 97</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Harold 97] Java Secrets by Elliotte Rusty Harold. Wiley. (1997)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="6c866586-684b-4d66-953e-80d01cf26917"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Harold 99</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Harold 99] Java I/O, by Elliotte Rusty Harold. O'REILLY. (1999)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="fcdaf0be-d5ea-4381-989a-75c85b0251bb"><ac:parameter ac:name="">J2SE 00</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[J2SE 00] JavaTM 2 SDK, Standard Edition Documentation, Sun Microsystems. J2SE Documentation version 1.3 (2000)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="b1158bf3-706b-472a-889c-2574739a33ad"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JavaGenerics 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JavaGenerics 04] [http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/language/generics.html], Sun Microsystems (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="cdaf0253-2042-4625-aab3-cfe4755e26f6"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JavaThreads 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JavaThreads 04]Java Threads by, Scott Oaks and Henry Wong. O'REILLY. (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="9ae6e377-5289-4113-a0e5-5f801cf63f7f"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JLS 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JLS 05] Java Language Specification, 3rd edition. by James Gosling, Bill Joy, Guy Steele, and Gilad Bracha. Prentice Hall, The Java Series. The Java Language Specification. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="db7af6ff-61de-4668-9055-604e44e14e8c"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JLS 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JLS 06] Java Language Specification, 4th edition. by Ken Arnold, James Gosling, and David Holmes. Prentice Hall, The Java Series. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="8dce25a7-6ef2-4a2d-8ec1-3c0d922c14c0"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JMX 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JMX 06] Monitoring and Management for the Java Platform, Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="2051a9db-2565-4646-bc86-d417717344dd"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JMXG 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JMXG 06] Java SE Monitoring and Management Guide, Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="1a7ecc72-38b5-4ade-80ec-98467a44ac4e"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JNI 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JNI 06] Java Native Interface, Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="9494e244-43a7-4b51-b114-10bd4134b949"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JPDA 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JPDA 04] Java Platform Debugger Architecture (JPDA), Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="21055b66-e5ed-452d-ad8c-0e7aa769cf62"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JVMTI 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JVMTI 06] Java Virtual Machine Tool Interface (JVM TI), Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="0b299c67-0363-438e-8614-bf2f43f3e881"><ac:parameter ac:name="">JVMSpec 99</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[JVMSpec 99] The Java Virtual Machine Specification, Sun Microsystems, Inc. (1999)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="c9b9e477-81f8-4c70-ace2-5b824f444735"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Kabutz 01</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Kabutz 01] The Java Specialists' Newsletter, by Dr. Heinz M. Kabutz. (2001)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="3b48c477-7411-48a5-a08a-d29a2af0ea1e"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Kalinovsky 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Kalinovsky 04] Covert Java: Techniques for Decompiling, Patching, and Reverse Engineering, by Alex Kalinovsky. SAMS Publishing. (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="400bc52e-fa9d-4bb3-93e5-744ef53d8802"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Langer 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Langer 08] http://www.angelikalanger.com/GenericsFAQ/FAQSections/ProgrammingIdioms.html, Angelica Langer (2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="b40fee24-1289-40c0-97bd-9d1585880eb7"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Lea 00</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Lea 00] Concurrent Programming in Java, 2nd edition, by Doug Lea. Addison Wesley, Sun Microsystems. (2000)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="1e793bd1-63cd-44bd-8b47-da8e0095e2db"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Liang 97</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Liang 97] The Java⢠Native Interface, Programmer's Guide and Specification, by Sheng Liang. ADDISON-WESLEY. (1997)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="5869c832-5ec8-4cb1-9be2-7e6a7792664f"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Long 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Long 05] Software Vulnerabilities in Java, by Fred Long, CMU/SEI-2005-TN-044. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="80da38ff-4942-4332-b844-6e0bf8aefa8e"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Low 97</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Low 97] Protecting Java Code via Obfuscation, by Douglas Low. (1997)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="63af8813-e42a-4922-8e54-5071bb831244"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Kalinovsky 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Kalinovsky 04] Covert Java: Techniques for Decompiling, Patching, and Reverse Engineering, by Alex Kalinovsky, SAMS. (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="095b85b5-ae13-4d8d-a3c7-fd80e58cac84"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Macgregor 98</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Macgregor 98] Java Network Security, by Robert Macgregor, Dave Durbin, John Owlett and Andrew Yeomans. Prentice Hall. (1998)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="f13f21dd-dd06-413f-99c1-8502b1144a44"><ac:parameter ac:name="">McGraw 99</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[McGraw 00] Securing Java, Getting Down to Business with Mobile Code, by Gary McGraw and Edward W. Felten. Wiley. (1999)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="5e657d28-c341-426f-8cfa-dceeff7c73e2"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Mcgraw 98</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Mcgraw 98] Twelve rules for developing more secure Java code, Gary Mcgraw and Edward Felten, JavaWorld.com (1998)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="d302bfd2-a8ec-4840-b3c4-93578d5eb431"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Mocha 07</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Mocha 07] Mocha, the Java Decompiler (2007)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="34d24f71-68c2-435e-8090-f7d3ccd4cf64"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Müller 02</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Müller 02] Exception Handling: Common Problems and Best Practice with Java 1.4 by Dr. Andreas Müller and Geoffrey Simmons, Sun Microsystems GmbH. (2002)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="3ebafc56-6c99-4cb8-bccc-4cd43ac391cd"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Naftalin 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Naftalin 06] Java Generics and Collections, Maurice Naftalin and Philip Wadler, O'Reilly (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="36529740-857d-473d-8c53-527e5a690874"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Oaks 01</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Oaks 01] Java Security, by Scott Oaks. O'REILLY. (2001)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="2e4984e6-dc5d-4731-8e91-dba8948ad329"><ac:parameter ac:name="">OWASP 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[OWASP 08] OWASP. (2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="f17d03c6-28d0-4359-a015-27facdc02317"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Pistoia 04</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Pistoia 04] Enterprise Java Security: Building Secure J2EE Applications, by Marco Pistoia, Nataraj Nagaratnam, Larry Koved and Anthony Nadalin. Addison Wesley. (2004)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="457ba2d8-8fb8-495c-8cd1-db636dca3e15"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Policy 02</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Policy 02] Default Policy Implementation and Policy File Syntax, Document revision 1.6, Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2002)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="5ffb34b8-b5b9-4d00-ab45-43630112161d"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Reflect 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Reflect 06] Reflection, Sun Microsystems, Inc. (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="c164faf0-88a9-4c64-a5bf-6cd264ff415b"><ac:parameter ac:name="">SCG 07</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[SCG 07] Secure Coding Guidelines for the Java Programming Language, version 2.0 (2007)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="e10adac2-78c6-4649-b337-cca6b8526627"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Schildt 07</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Schildt 07] Herb Schildt's Java Programming Cookbook, Herb Schildt, McGraw-Hill (2007)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="4f728d76-1c40-47b6-aa7d-eaaf840e0733"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Seacord 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Seacord 05] Seacord, Robert C. Secure Coding in C and C++. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="2a51aeed-12aa-42fb-83e5-591b44a2aced"><ac:parameter ac:name="">SecArch 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[SecArch 06] Java 2 Platform Security Architecture (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="03158a44-07d1-447d-aabc-83dd5baeb935"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Security 06</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Security 06] Java Security Guides (2006)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="5405eb45-263d-4ac5-bf0d-f7ec847e3816"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Steel 05</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Steel 05] Core Security Patterns: Best Practices and Strategies for J2EEâ¢, Web Services, and Identity Management, by Christopher Steel, Ramesh Nagappan and Ray Lai. Prentice Hall PTR / Sun Micros. (2005)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="96844342-da3b-4399-a179-930c518b9347"><ac:parameter ac:name="">SDN 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[SDN 08] SUN Developer Network (1994-2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="c65a7f6c-f696-4cfd-a856-1e825e124eaa"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Techtalk 07</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Techtalk 07] The PhantomReference Menace. Attack of the Clone. Revenge of the Shift., by Josh Bloch and William Pugh, JavaOne Conference (2007)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="44e6cf2f-5bb1-4a1e-abcf-d58dac7de657"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Tutorials 08</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Tutorials 08] The Java Tutorials (2008)
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="anchor" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="3a2a2bee-4b2a-4be7-98f2-b96e09c7bd46"><ac:parameter ac:name="">Wheeler 03</ac:parameter></ac:structured-macro>
[Wheeler 03] http://www.onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2005/01/26/classloading.htmlSecure Programming for Linux and Unix HOWTO
, David A. Wheeler (2003)