SEI CERT C Coding Standard

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Tool Version: R2025b

Checker

Guideline

Arithmetic operation with NULL pointer EXP34-C. Do not dereference null pointers
Array access out of bounds ARR30-C. Do not form or use out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts
Array access out of bounds API02-C. Functions that read or write to or from an array should take an argument to specify the source or target size
Array access with tainted index ARR30-C. Do not form or use out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts
Array access with tainted index API02-C. Functions that read or write to or from an array should take an argument to specify the source or target size
Bad file access mode or status FIO11-C. Take care when specifying the mode parameter of fopen()
Buffer overflow from incorrect string format specifier STR03-C. Do not inadvertently truncate a string
Closing a previously closed resource FIO46-C. Do not access a closed file
Command executed from externally controlled path ENV33-C. Do not call system()
Command executed from externally controlled path STR02-C. Sanitize data passed to complex subsystems
Copy of overlapping memory EXP43-C. Avoid undefined behavior when using restrict-qualified pointers
Data race CON32-C. Prevent data races when accessing bit-fields from multiple threads
Data race CON43-C. Do not allow data races in multithreaded code
Data race POS49-C. When data must be accessed by multiple threads, provide a mutex and guarantee no adjacent data is also accessed
Data race CON09-C. Avoid the ABA problem when using lock-free algorithms
Dead code MSC01-C. Strive for logical completeness
Dead code MSC07-C. Detect and remove dead code
Dead code MSC12-C. Detect and remove code that has no effect or is never executed
Deadlock CON35-C. Avoid deadlock by locking in a predefined order
Deadlock POS51-C. Avoid deadlock with POSIX threads by locking in predefined order
Deallocation of previously deallocated pointer MEM30-C. Do not access freed memory
Deallocation of previously deallocated pointer MEM00-C. Allocate and free memory in the same module, at the same level of abstraction
Declaration mismatch DCL40-C. Do not create incompatible declarations of the same function or object
Declaration mismatch EXP37-C. Call functions with the correct number and type of arguments
Destination buffer overflow in string manipulation STR38-C. Do not confuse narrow and wide character strings and functions
Destination buffer overflow in string manipulation ENV01-C. Do not make assumptions about the size of an environment variable
Destination buffer overflow in string manipulation STR07-C. Use the bounds-checking interfaces for string manipulation
Deterministic random output from constant seed MSC32-C. Properly seed pseudorandom number generators
Execution of externally controlled command ENV33-C. Do not call system()
Execution of externally controlled command STR02-C. Sanitize data passed to complex subsystems
File access between time of check and use (TOCTOU) FIO45-C. Avoid TOCTOU race conditions while accessing files
File access between time of check and use (TOCTOU) POS35-C. Avoid race conditions while checking for the existence of a symbolic link
File access between time of check and use (TOCTOU) FIO01-C. Be careful using functions that use file names for identification
File manipulation after chroot() without chdir("/") POS05-C. Limit access to files by creating a jail
Float conversion overflow FLP34-C. Ensure that floating-point conversions are within range of the new type
Float conversion overflow FLP03-C. Detect and handle floating-point errors
Float division by zero FLP03-C. Detect and handle floating-point errors
Float overflow FLP03-C. Detect and handle floating-point errors
Float overflow FLP06-C. Convert integers to floating point for floating-point operations
Format string specifiers and arguments mismatch EXP37-C. Call functions with the correct number and type of arguments
Format string specifiers and arguments mismatch DCL11-C. Understand the type issues associated with variadic functions
Hard coded buffer size DCL06-C. Use meaningful symbolic constants to represent literal values
Hard coded loop boundary DCL06-C. Use meaningful symbolic constants to represent literal values
Improper array initialization ARR02-C. Explicitly specify array bounds, even if implicitly defined by an initializer
Incorrect pointer scaling EXP08-C. Ensure pointer arithmetic is used correctly
Integer conversion overflow INT31-C. Ensure that integer conversions do not result in lost or misinterpreted data
Integer conversion overflow FLP34-C. Ensure that floating-point conversions are within range of the new type
Integer conversion overflow INT02-C. Understand integer conversion rules
Integer conversion overflow INT18-C. Evaluate integer expressions in a larger size before comparing or assigning to that size
Integer division by zero INT33-C. Ensure that division and remainder operations do not result in divide-by-zero errors
Integer overflow INT32-C. Ensure that operations on signed integers do not result in overflow
Integer overflow INT00-C. Understand the data model used by your implementation(s)
Integer overflow INT02-C. Understand integer conversion rules
Integer overflow INT08-C. Verify that all integer values are in range
Integer overflow INT18-C. Evaluate integer expressions in a larger size before comparing or assigning to that size
Invalid assumptions about memory organization ARR37-C. Do not add or subtract an integer to a pointer to a non-array object
Invalid free of pointer MEM34-C. Only free memory allocated dynamically
Invalid free of pointer MEM00-C. Allocate and free memory in the same module, at the same level of abstraction
Invalid use of = operator EXP45-C. Do not perform assignments in selection statements
Invalid use of standard library floating point routine FLP32-C. Prevent or detect domain and range errors in math functions
Invalid use of standard library floating point routine FLP03-C. Detect and handle floating-point errors
Invalid use of standard library memory routine API00-C. Functions should validate their parameters
Invalid use of standard library routine API00-C. Functions should validate their parameters
Invalid use of standard library string routine STR32-C. Do not pass a non-null-terminated character sequence to a library function that expects a string
Invalid use of standard library string routine API00-C. Functions should validate their parameters
Invalid va_list argument MSC39-C. Do not call va_arg() on a va_list that has an indeterminate value
Library loaded from externally controlled path STR02-C. Sanitize data passed to complex subsystems
Library loaded from externally controlled path WIN00-C. Be specific when dynamically loading libraries
Load of library from a relative path can be controlled by an external actor WIN00-C. Be specific when dynamically loading libraries
Loop bounded with tainted value INT04-C. Enforce limits on integer values originating from tainted sources
Loop bounded with tainted value MSC21-C. Use robust loop termination conditions
Memory allocation with tainted size MEM35-C. Allocate sufficient memory for an object
Memory allocation with tainted size INT04-C. Enforce limits on integer values originating from tainted sources
Memory allocation with tainted size MEM07-C. Ensure that the arguments to calloc(), when multiplied, do not wrap
Memory allocation with tainted size MEM10-C. Define and use a pointer validation function
Memory allocation with tainted size MEM11-C. Do not assume infinite heap space
Memory leak MEM31-C. Free dynamically allocated memory when no longer needed
Memory leak MEM11-C. Do not assume infinite heap space
Memory leak MEM12-C. Consider using a goto chain when leaving a function on error when using and releasing resources
MISRA2012-DIR-1_1 FLP30-C. Do not use floating-point variables as loop counters
MISRA2012-RULE-8_1 DCL31-C. Declare identifiers before using them
MISRA2012-RULE-8_2 DCL36-C. Do not declare an identifier with conflicting linkage classifications
MISRA2012-RULE-8_4 DCL36-C. Do not declare an identifier with conflicting linkage classifications
MISRA2012-RULE-8_8 DCL36-C. Do not declare an identifier with conflicting linkage classifications
MISRA2012-RULE-13_2 PRE31-C. Avoid side effects in arguments to unsafe macros
MISRA2012-RULE-13_2 EXP30-C. Do not depend on the order of evaluation for side effects
MISRA2012-RULE-14_1 FLP30-C. Do not use floating-point variables as loop counters
MISRA2012-RULE-16_1 DCL41-C. Do not declare variables inside a switch statement before the first case label
MISRA2012-RULE-17_3 DCL31-C. Declare identifiers before using them
MISRA2012-RULE-17_3 DCL36-C. Do not declare an identifier with conflicting linkage classifications
MISRA2012-RULE-21_1 DCL37-C. Do not declare or define a reserved identifier
MISRA2012-RULE-21_2 DCL37-C. Do not declare or define a reserved identifier
Missing case for switch condition MSC01-C. Strive for logical completeness
Missing case for switch condition MSC07-C. Detect and remove dead code
Missing lock CON01-C. Acquire and release synchronization primitives in the same module, at the same level of abstraction
Missing null in string array STR11-C. Do not specify the bound of a character array initialized with a string literal
Missing return statement MSC37-C. Ensure that control never reaches the end of a non-void function
Missing unlock MEM12-C. Consider using a goto chain when leaving a function on error when using and releasing resources
Modification of internal buffer returned from nonreentrant standard function ENV30-C. Do not modify the object referenced by the return value of certain functions
Modification of internal buffer returned from nonreentrant standard function STR06-C. Do not assume that strtok() leaves the parse string unchanged
Non-initialized pointer EXP33-C. Do not read uninitialized memory
Non-initialized variable EXP33-C. Do not read uninitialized memory
Non-initialized variable MSC39-C. Do not call va_arg() on a va_list that has an indeterminate value
Null pointer EXP34-C. Do not dereference null pointers
Pointer access out of bounds EXP39-C. Do not access a variable through a pointer of an incompatible type
Pointer access out of bounds ARR30-C. Do not form or use out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts
Pointer access out of bounds MEM35-C. Allocate sufficient memory for an object
Pointer access out of bounds API02-C. Functions that read or write to or from an array should take an argument to specify the source or target size
Pointer access out of bounds EXP08-C. Ensure pointer arithmetic is used correctly
Pointer dereference with tainted offset ARR30-C. Do not form or use out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts
Pointer or reference to stack variable leaving scope DCL30-C. Declare objects with appropriate storage durations
Possible misuse of sizeof ARR00-C. Understand how arrays work
Possible misuse of sizeof ARR01-C. Do not apply the sizeof operator to a pointer when taking the size of an array
Possibly unintended evaluation of expression because of operator precedence rules EXP00-C. Use parentheses for precedence of operation
Possibly unintended evaluation of expression because of operator precedence rules EXP13-C. Treat relational and equality operators as if they were nonassociative
Predictable random output from predictable seed MSC32-C. Properly seed pseudorandom number generators
Qualifier removed in conversion EXP32-C. Do not access a volatile object through a nonvolatile reference
Qualifier removed in conversion EXP37-C. Call functions with the correct number and type of arguments
Qualifier removed in conversion EXP05-C. Do not cast away a const qualification
Resource leak FIO42-C. Close files when they are no longer needed
Resource leak MEM12-C. Consider using a goto chain when leaving a function on error when using and releasing resources
Sensitive data printed out MEM06-C. Ensure that sensitive data is not written out to disk
Sensitive heap memory not cleared before release MEM03-C. Clear sensitive information stored in reusable resources
Sensitive heap memory not cleared before release MSC18-C. Be careful while handling sensitive data, such as passwords, in program code
Shift of a negative value INT34-C. Do not shift an expression by a negative number of bits or by greater than or equal to the number of bits that exist in the operand
Shift operation overflow INT34-C. Do not shift an expression by a negative number of bits or by greater than or equal to the number of bits that exist in the operand
Sign change integer conversion overflow INT31-C. Ensure that integer conversions do not result in lost or misinterpreted data
Standard function call with incorrect arguments EXP37-C. Call functions with the correct number and type of arguments
Standard function call with incorrect arguments STR32-C. Do not pass a non-null-terminated character sequence to a library function that expects a string
Standard function call with incorrect arguments FIO46-C. Do not access a closed file
Standard function call with incorrect arguments API00-C. Functions should validate their parameters
Tainted Data Defects API00-C. Functions should validate their parameters
Tainted division operand INT32-C. Ensure that operations on signed integers do not result in overflow
Tainted division operand INT33-C. Ensure that division and remainder operations do not result in divide-by-zero errors
Tainted modulo operand INT33-C. Ensure that division and remainder operations do not result in divide-by-zero errors
Tainted modulo operand INT10-C. Do not assume a positive remainder when using the % operator
Tainted NULL or non-null-terminated string STR32-C. Do not pass a non-null-terminated character sequence to a library function that expects a string
Tainted NULL or non-null-terminated string ENV01-C. Do not make assumptions about the size of an environment variable
Tainted sign change conversion INT31-C. Ensure that integer conversions do not result in lost or misinterpreted data
Tainted sign change conversion INT02-C. Understand integer conversion rules
Tainted sign change conversion MEM04-C. Beware of zero-length allocations
Tainted sign change conversion MEM11-C. Do not assume infinite heap space
Tainted sign change conversion MSC21-C. Use robust loop termination conditions
Tainted size of variable length array ARR32-C. Ensure size arguments for variable length arrays are in a valid range
Tainted size of variable length array INT04-C. Enforce limits on integer values originating from tainted sources
Tainted size of variable length array MEM04-C. Beware of zero-length allocations
Tainted size of variable length array MEM05-C. Avoid large stack allocations
Tainted string format FIO30-C. Exclude user input from format strings
Umask used with chmod-style arguments FIO06-C. Create files with appropriate access permissions
Uncleared sensitive data in stack MEM03-C. Clear sensitive information stored in reusable resources
Uncleared sensitive data in stack MSC18-C. Be careful while handling sensitive data, such as passwords, in program code
Unprotected dynamic memory allocation MEM10-C. Define and use a pointer validation function
Unprotected dynamic memory allocation MEM11-C. Do not assume infinite heap space
Unreachable code MSC01-C. Strive for logical completeness
Unreachable code MSC07-C. Detect and remove dead code
Unreachable code MSC12-C. Detect and remove code that has no effect or is never executed
Unreliable cast of function pointer EXP37-C. Call functions with the correct number and type of arguments
Unreliable cast of pointer EXP36-C. Do not cast pointers into more strictly aligned pointer types
Unsafe standard encryption function MSC18-C. Be careful while handling sensitive data, such as passwords, in program code
Unsigned integer conversion overflow INT31-C. Ensure that integer conversions do not result in lost or misinterpreted data
Unsigned integer conversion overflow FLP34-C. Ensure that floating-point conversions are within range of the new type
Unsigned integer conversion overflow INT18-C. Evaluate integer expressions in a larger size before comparing or assigning to that size
Unsigned integer overflow INT30-C. Ensure that unsigned integer operations do not wrap
Unsigned integer overflow INT18-C. Evaluate integer expressions in a larger size before comparing or assigning to that size
Unused parameter MSC13-C. Detect and remove unused values
Use of dangerous standard function API02-C. Functions that read or write to or from an array should take an argument to specify the source or target size
Use of dangerous standard function ENV01-C. Do not make assumptions about the size of an environment variable
Use of dangerous standard function STR07-C. Use the bounds-checking interfaces for string manipulation
Use of memset with size argument zero MSC12-C. Detect and remove code that has no effect or is never executed
Use of non-secure temporary file FIO03-C. Do not make assumptions about fopen() and file creation
Use of non-secure temporary file FIO21-C. Do not create temporary files in shared directories
Use of obsolete standard function MSC33-C. Do not pass invalid data to the asctime() function
Use of obsolete standard function POS33-C. Do not use vfork()
Use of obsolete standard function MSC24-C. Do not use deprecated or obsolescent functions
Use of previously closed resource FIO46-C. Do not access a closed file
Use of previously freed pointer MEM30-C. Do not access freed memory
Use of previously freed pointer MEM00-C. Allocate and free memory in the same module, at the same level of abstraction
Use of setjmp/longjmp MSC22-C. Use the setjmp(), longjmp() facility securely
Use of tainted pointer EXP34-C. Do not dereference null pointers
Use of tainted pointer ARR30-C. Do not form or use out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts
Use of tainted pointer API02-C. Functions that read or write to or from an array should take an argument to specify the source or target size
Use of tainted pointer MEM10-C. Define and use a pointer validation function
Variable length array with nonpositive size MEM04-C. Beware of zero-length allocations
Variable length array with nonpositive size MEM05-C. Avoid large stack allocations
Variable shadowing DCL01-C. Do not reuse variable names in subscopes
Vulnerable path manipulation FIO02-C. Canonicalize path names originating from tainted sources
Vulnerable permission assignments FIO06-C. Create files with appropriate access permissions
Vulnerable pseudo-random number generator MSC30-C. Do not use the rand() function for generating pseudorandom numbers
Write without a further read MSC13-C. Detect and remove unused values
Write without a further reads DCL22-C. Use volatile for data that cannot be cached
Writing to const qualified object EXP40-C. Do not modify constant objects
Writing to const qualified object STR30-C. Do not attempt to modify string literals
Writing to const qualified object STR05-C. Use pointers to const when referring to string literals
Writing to const qualified object STR06-C. Do not assume that strtok() leaves the parse string unchanged
Wrong allocated object size for cast STR38-C. Do not confuse narrow and wide character strings and functions
Wrong allocated object size for cast MEM02-C. Immediately cast the result of a memory allocation function call into a pointer to the allocated type
Wrong type used in sizeof MEM35-C. Allocate sufficient memory for an object
Wrong type used in sizeof MEM02-C. Immediately cast the result of a memory allocation function call into a pointer to the allocated type
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